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OfficeVision pt. 2
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Text File
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1990-06-24
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8KB
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OfficeVision
By: Dave Garr, Michael Bobrowicz, Michael Mace
OS/2 SE Analysis
The new version of OS/2 will not be a major breakthrough in terms of
functionality. All of the new features announced by IBM are basically
incremental improvements and long-promised features. Nevertheless, the changes
address some of the most glaring defects of the current version of OS/2 SE. We
think Macintosh is still significantly better than OS/2 in a lot of areas, but
the flaws of OS/2 will be less obvious than they were before.
Here are some of the key changes to OS/2 SE, and how they compare to Macintosh:
Developer tools. The new application development tools will make it easier to
port simple DOS programs to OS/2, and to develop unambitious text-entry
applications. But the new IBM tool is a far cry from the versatility and power
of HyperCard, which remains a major Macintosh advantage.
Iconic file manager. We still aren't sure exactly how the new iconic file
manager will look, but IBM clearly thinks it matches the functionality of the
Macintosh Finder. We doubt it actually will, especially with the additions
being made to the Finder in System 7. But IBM's improvements will probably
make OS/2 look more like Macintosh, increasing the need for Apple to emphasize
the full range of Macintosh's advantages.
Printer driver. The new PostScript printer driver and sample driver code
address one of the biggest holes in OS/2 today. It is interesting to note that
Microsoft had originally promised to deliver an OS/2 PostScript driver in the
first quarter of 1989, so the driver will be six months late. We'll be
interested to compare the architecture of the OS/2 driver to the new Macintosh
print architecture planned for System 7.
Mouse driver installation. It sounds like a minor point, but the ability to
change mouse drivers without reinstalling the entire operating system will be a
major improvement. Today, if the user accidentally installs the wrong driver,
he or she must restart the installation procedure from scratch in order to
correct the error. Macintosh has had easy driver management since 1984.
Overall. We think OS/2 acceptance depends primarily on two factors: Cost and
applications. When third-party applications appear in quantity, and the cost
of DRAM drops, OS/2 sales will begin in earnest. We expect that to happen in
late 1990 or early 1991. Until then, the versions of OS/2 marketed by IBM and
Microsoft are essentially pre-release software.
OTHER ANNOUNCEMENTS
Changes to Common User Access: More Strategic Role for PCs
CUA is IBM's standard user interface specification. It is part of SAA (Systems
Applications Architecture), IBM's strategic blueprint which describes how it
will unify its computer lines. When it was first developed, CUA treated
terminals and personal computers equally. They were to receive one standard
interface that would operate on both. But because of the limited computing
power of the terminal, and its lack of a mouse, the CUA specification enshrined
the lowest common denominator between PCs and terminals. It was roundly
criticized for this.
PCs elevated over terminals. The new version of CUA, announced at the same
time as OfficeVision, eliminates this restriction by downgrading the role of
the terminal and giving PCs a central place in IBM's computing strategy.
First, IBM renamed terminals as NPTs (non-programmable terminals). PC became
PWS (programmable workstation). IBM's change was so thorough that the term
personal computer never even appears in IBM's OfficeVision documentation. It
appears to have disappeared completely from IBM's official vocabulary.
Three levels of interface. In order to differentiate the PWS from the NPT, IBM
created three official levels of user interface. These levels, called Entry,
Graphical, and Workplace, are not completely compatible. Thus IBM is in some
ways endorsing the permanent division of its interfaces into several camps.
IBM probably had to do this in order to accommodate its installed base, but the
change in rhetoric is a far cry from its earlier approach, which promised to
unify everything. Now, instead of actually trying to drive all its existing
applications toward a single specification, IBM claims that they are consistent
because they are all described in the new one.
This appears to be the approach IBM will take with other products whose
interfaces do not comply with CUA today: move them toward conformity with CUA
where convenient, but also expand the specification to meet the different
interfaces halfway. We expect IBM to add other layers to the CUA specification
as it brings other products into “compliance.”
• The Entry level of the CUA interface is the familiar terminal command-line,
unmodified. It is supposed to appear only on terminals, and is limited to
"data-intensive" applications. We think this means dedicated data-entry, a
situation where IBM customers still use a lot of terminals.
• The Graphical level is the old CUA interface. It can run on both terminals
and PCs, although the emphasis is on PCs. The Graphical level includes
windows, mouse support, menus, and other features currently found in
Presentation Manager. It is slated for use in "decision-intensive"
applications. Apparently this means everything except data entry.
• The Workplace level is something new. It works only on PCs, and includes an
object-oriented environment built around the metaphor of a business office.
Tools like mail baskets, printers, and shredders are represented as icons on
screen. Documents appear as sheets of paper, and are stored in file cabinets.
Actions taken by the user typically consist of dropping a document icon onto a
tool. For instance, to print a document, the user would drag its icon onto the
printer icon. IBM says the OfficeVision environment will be one implementation
of the Workplace specification.
The overall message of the CUA specification is to de-emphasize the role of
terminals and make the PWS central to IBM computing. There is some speculation
that this means IBM's terminal sales have died off. Whatever the cause, IBM is
clearly urging customers to move to PWSs in most situations.
Miscellaneous
IBM also lumped in a number of other product announcements with OfficeVision.
This is a fairly typical IBM tactic. The miscellaneous announcements included
the following...
Easel is a graphical interface shell for 3270 terminal applications. It allows
OS/2 users to access a mainframe-based terminal application through a window,
with many of the ease of use features of the graphical interface (such as menus
and clipboard support). The terminal application does not need to be modified
in order to work with Easel.
Data Interpretation System is IBM's implementation of the Metaphor data
manipulation system. It does not run under Presentation Manager, and in fact
is the spitting image of the Xerox Star interface.
Executive Decisions/VM is a combined mainframe/PC solution that allows
non-computer literate executives to access host data and make decisions. It
supports the use of a touchscreen, and uses Presentation Manager. However the
interface does not completely conform to CUA, and in fact IBM says it will be
adding a new layer to CUA in order to accommodate it.
OS/2 Image Support is a standardized "driver" for image input applications.
Like a printer driver, it will allow applications to access a variety of image
input devices (scanners, cameras, etc.) through a single software interface.
Image Support's biggest weakness is that it requires IBM's high-end 8514
graphics board in order to display grayscale images.
Other products:
• Office Facsimile application allows an OfficeVision client to send or
receive fax documents. However it requires an IBM minicomputer or mainframe.
• Personal Application System v. 2 is a new version of a set of IBM
decision-support software tools.
• Personal Communications/3270 is a new version of IBM's DOS 3270 emulation
program.
Competition/Customer
Software folder
5/23/90